Telephone apparatus.



0. ADAMS-RANDALL. TELEPHONE APPARATUS.

APPLICATION 3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

OpKDAMSiANDALL. TELEPHONE APPARATUS.

nrmonzonn m 919,113. W Patented Apr. 20,1909.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

G. ADAMS-RANDALL,

, TELEPHONE APPARATUS.

I .QPPLIOATION FILED JULY 28, 1906. E1 9,, i 1 an.

Patented Apr. 20, 1909.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3'.

Z02 $166666 V [ZZZ 672 for Mk0 6%a7-Z6d wdamafzamaag CHARLES ADAMS-RANDALL, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

TELEPHGNE AJPPABATUS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented April 20, 1909.

Application filed July 28, 1906. Serial No. 328,228.

use of short and long distancetransmission.

To eifect this as now practiced;tl1e usual exchange circuit telephone transmitter is used the ordinary way upon exchange circuits, and when long distance transmission is desired the exchange operator is notified, who

\ then connects the caller and the callec through the exchange switch board, and in doing so plugs in an additional battery at the exchange provided for such special use, generally called a booster, such increased battery at the central station giving an add ed current energy for the long istance transmission, by means oi which conversation becomes possible over the-increased main line distance with more or less satisfactory results. This plan, however, is not altogether satisfactory or convenient, and besides the amount of additional current energy is limited and not always adequate to the successful commercial transmission over the increased. main line distance, which is also restricted or limited to the power or current energy that can be employed under this plan.

The object of the present invention is to overcome these disadvantages, defects and pnreliability in long distance transmission, and to provide a more convenient and cheaper method and apparatus for efl'ecting the reliable transmission of speech over long or short distances by using the same trans nutter. I

The invention consists broadly in an im proved means for regulating and controlling at will at the transmitter or in the circuit of which it is a part, or in the n sin line circuit, the current energy required on a short or a long main line circuit for the reliable trans mission of speech thereover; and, in an adjustable means or mechanism for regulating and controlling at the transmitter, or otherwiseor elsewhere, the amount of current carried, varied and passing throu the trans mitten to adapt the same tot e coi ibiua d use'ou hort or long main line trisnsiniiiiion' of speech".

The improved method is equally applicable to use with a local battery consisting of a number of cells in series to give the required voltage and having a proper amperage, or to the use of two or more similar independent batteries, or to the use of current from other sources, such as a central energy system, or from electric light mains in combination with suitable transformers.

The invention consists generally in rcgu lating at the transmitter, or elsewhere, by any suitable means or mechanism, operatedinanually, semi-automatically, or automatically, the total current passing through the transmitter and over the main line, such means or mechanism consisting preferably of a device which is termed a controller, and which may be located at the transmitter, or elsewhere. By the use of the controller the efiiciency of the transmitter can be increased or decreased; the number of separate batteries used from a series of batteries can be determined; and the resistance of the transmitter increased or decreased, as required, whereby on either plan the total current passing through the transmitter or the circuit of which it is a part, and the total out-put of the effective current energy upon the main line circuit are absolutely controlled to any degree from minimum to maximum, and regulated to any lengthol circuit and in proportion to the distance or electric work to be done; all of which maybe accom lished at the transmitter by the user atwi l, and independently of any intermediate battery and exchange operators.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view of a telephone apparatus embodying the features of the invention. Fig.

2 is a transverse section through a controller forming part of the apparatus. Fig. 3 is a transverse section of the transmitter. Fig. l is a diagrammatic view showing a modification'in the source of electrical energ and connections. Fig. 5 is a diagrammatic view of a still'further modification.

Similar characters of reference are employed to indicate several views.

flhe numeral 1' designates ametallic diahragm or vibrator, to which is secured and insulated therefrom an electrode 2, preferably of metal, a wire or other connectionS leading from this electrode to a binding {lip screw 4. An annular elastie cup'sha ed pad fi st felt or other material is secure to he corresponding parts in the I electrode 2, and in this cup-shaed pad granules of carbon or other variab c resistance means 6 are held, The diaphragm 1 rests upon a suitable elastic cushion '7, referably formed-from a soft rubber tu e, as shown, and arranged in a seat- S, formed in the metal base plate 9, the diaphragm 1 being clamped into position by two or more spring fingers 1O resting thereon at one end and secured to the said base. Also secured to the base 9 is a cover 11, preferably of hard rubber, in which openings 12 are 'rovided for the cup-shaped p'ads 5. A weig ted adjustable'liat s ring piece 13 is secured to the cover 1.1, an is arranged to close over the pad and granules, an adjusting screw 14 passin through the said piece 13 into the cover y means of which any desired pressure contact between the electrode 2, the adjustable flat spring piece 13, and the granules 6 can be readily obtained. A suitable wire or other connection 13 runs from the spring piece 13 to the screw 15 carried by the cover 11 and adjacent to the screw 4 also held by said cover. p

The foregoing description applies to the several fractional arts of the transmitter, of which four are s own, but any number of these fractional parts ma be used to obtain efficient results, one fractional part added increasing the power and effectiveness of the transmitter. To effect, the use of these several fractional parts of the trans nitter, singly or in multiple, a controller is employed, which may be made in many ways, one form now referred being shown in the accompanying rawings, and in which a shaft 17 s mounted upon and in suitable supports 1616v A metal cylinder 18,

partly covered with a hard rubber tube 19 or other s uitable insulating material, is loosely iitted upon the shaft 17.

Secured to one end of the cylinder 18 is a toothed or ratchet wheel 20, which is hollowed out and contains a volute spring 21, one end of this spring being secured to the wheel 20 and the other end to the shaft 17. The shaft is also provided with a crank handle 22, and the rotation of the shaft by means of said crank handle in one direction winds up the spring 21 and causes the cylinder 18 to turn, a catch-love r or dog 23engaging the teeth of the ratchet wheel and preventing any backward movement of the said wheel and the cylinder when the spring 21 is tigh ened or wound, as just ex lained. When the ratchet wheel 20 is engage by the pawl or dog 23, a stop pin 24 on the cylinder 18 and 11. etc piece 25 cooperate to restrict the backward movement of the cylinder when the ratchet wheel 29 and the dog or pawl 23 are disengaged. The dog or pawl 23 15 in the form of a catch-lever and is pivoted atone exremit in a support 26 secured to a block 27 attac ed to a frame upright or analogous transmitter.

device 28 of the case or box containing the a paratus. Exteriorly'of the box inclosmg t 1e apparatus, a telephone hook 31 1s located for practical use, and therethrough the crank handle 22 also proljects. The catchlever 23 has one ternuna of a spring 29 secured to an intermediate oint thereof and also to a part of the inclosin means for the apparatus, the' said spring ho ding the catch lever up in operative position with relat on to the ratchet wheel 20. I, The free extremity of the catch lever is ada ted to be en agedby a rod 30 secured to an depending tom the 'telephone hook or switch lever 31. The telephone hook or switch lever 31 is suitably pivoted, as at 32, and is engaged by one end of a spring 33, having its opposite terminal secured to an adjacent resistin g means. This spring 33 o erates to raise the switch lever when the te 'epho e receiver is detached from the latter, as will e readily understood.

The telephone receiver 34 is normally caught and held on the hooked extremity of the switch lever 31, and the movement of this lever in opposite directions is limited by stoppins 35 and 36, respectively located above and below the same, or otherwise, 0- sitioned to effect the same function. The

switch lever 31 carries a contact piece 37 having an insulated member 38, upon which contact springs 39 and 40 normally rest, the said sprin s being secured on an insulating block 41, t e spring 39 being connected to the main line circuit through the receiver 34 wire 34' connected to the receiver, terminal 58 to which the said wire 34 extends, and out'to the main line 59, and spring 40 is connected to one pole of the battery or batteries by means of a wire 42 attached to a terminal 42, the latter having a battery wire 42. Secured to the block 27 are contact springs 43, 44, 45, 46 and 47 which normally rest or bear upon the cylinder 18 or portions of the latter, as shown, the spring 43 contacting with the shaft 17 and connected to the lever 31, through the medium of a binding screw 48, by wire 49, the springd i'contacting with the cylinder 18, and connected to the binding post or terminal 44 b a'wire 44*, the s rings 45, 46 and 47 nor-ma ly resting upon t 1e insulation 19 and respectively connected to the binding posts 45, 46 and 47, by wires 45, 46 and 47*. Induction cbils 44", 45 46 and 47 are provided, there being as many, preferably, as there are fracl iohal arts of the Four batteries are also provided and designated by the characters B, B, B, B. The circuit connections between the batteries, transm tter and induction coils are preferably as followsz-from the 'battery B to terminal or binding post 48,

from the fractional parts of the transmitter.

as follows: The first part or cup and its accessories are connected to the binding posts or terminals 48 and 52, the second part to binding posts or terminals 49 and 53, the third part to binding posts or terminals 50 and 54, and the fourth part to binding posts or terminals 51 and 55. The secondary wires of the induction coilssare preferably connected up in multi le, the inside wires being connected to one ead 'orwire '56, which runs to the terminal or binding ost 56, thence by wire 56 tothe lever 31, w iere said latter wire engages the binding screw 48:

The outside wires of -the secondary wires are connected to a lead or wire 57, which runs to the terminal or binding post '56, and from upwardly through the o eration of the spring 1 spring contact 44, thence to cylinder 18 to,

the latter to main line or ground Wire 60. All the par'ts,as shown,;are in normal or firstposition. 1 r

' The operation of the a paratus as thus far described is as follows: telephone receiver'34 from'the hook of the love-r31, the latter is released and moves 33, closing the line and ocal contact springs with the contact piece 37. The upward movement of the lever 31 also-removesthe rod 30 out of contact with the catch-lever? '23, thus limiting the said catch lever and causing it to be free to engage with the ratchet wheel 20 by the actionof spring 29. In this second os'ition of the parts, the circuits are comp eted as follows: from batteryiB by Wire connection'to the terminal or post 48, and thence by wire connection to the post 15 of the cover 11 of the transmit- 'ter, and thence through the electrodes and variable resistance to the binding screw or post 14, and from the latter to the. binding post or terminal 59 induction eo'i'l 44 and terminal or post 44 From the terminal or post 44 the circuit is continued through the medium of wire 44 connecting with the spring 43 which engages the shaft 17, wire :49 connecting with v the; switch lever 31,

spring contact engaging block 37 carried by said switch lever, wire 42 connecting with binding post or terminal 42", andwire 42" to the other pole of the battery. This circuit gives the result 'thlrt canbe obtained from the use of the current from one battery.

connected up as shown and using one-fourth of' thetransmitter and one induct-ion coil, and a comi equont out-put of working current energy over and upon the main line from the one col, '44 by wire 56 to the terminal or hinting post 56", thcnceby'wire 56, bindponremoval of the ing screw 48, lever 31, spring actuated contact 39, receiver 34, wire 34, binding post or terminal 58, to line 59, andb'y "way of uire, 57 ,terminal 57 to wire or ground 60, which current upon the main line, it has If a more powerful current upon the main line is required, the handle 22 of the controller is turned a given distance and moves the cylinder 18 to permit the spring contact closing a second local circuit as follows: from battery 13 to terminal or binding post 49 to a second fractional part of the transmitter, and 'therethrough by wire connec tion as shown to binding post or terminal 53,

spring contact 45, cylinder 18, spring contact 43, wire 49, to binding post or screw .48, lever 31,spring 40, and wire 42 back to battery as before, and by this means it will be seen that the working current will be doubled -upon and over the main line by the use of two batteries and one-half of the transmitter and two coils, be still further increased in practically the samefratio, by turning the controller an- .othe'r step, closing the spring contact 46 with the cylinder 18 and permitting the use of three batteries, and by turning the controller another step the spring contact 47 is brought into engagement with the c linder I8, which will permit the use of four atteries, thefour fractional parts of the transmitter, and the four induction coils or inductoriums. In this latter adjustment, or what may be termed the fourth position, the maximum power upon the main line with transmitter of. this class, divided into four parts, has been reached, and to augment thispower still further a transmitter having eight, twelve, sixteen or more fractional parts will be required and can'be used with obvious additions of cooperating battery elements and inductoriums and connections. To automatically restore the parts to first and normal position after use, it is only necessary to place the telephone receiver upon the hook, when the lever 31 will return to place or normal )osition, and the main and 'local'circuits uil lbe broken at the spring contacts 3940, as set forth. The movement of the lever 31, due to the application thereto of the telephone receiver, depresses the catch-lover 23, through the medium of the rod 30 engaging said latter lever, and this depression of the catch-lever releases it from the ratchet wheel 20 which, with the cylinder 18, will be returned to normal position'by the action of the coil spring 21, the return movement being limited by thestop in 24 engaging the stop piece 25. It will re understood that the controller can be const-meted in other waysto arrive-fat the same been found in practice, is equivalent to that of the best telephone transmitters now used.

to cooperate therewith, this operationcoil 45 to terminal or binding post 45,

The power can now result and without departing from the principle of the invention. a

. As shown by Fig. 4, the batteries B, B, B and'B' may be replaced b a battery'B,

connected u in series aral el, and in this ,ovent it is esirable to rave a larger single conductor or lead 61 from the battery, and

connected to a bus-bar 62, from which several leads are connected to the bindin postsgor terminals 48, 49, 50 and 51, an thereby to the transmitter. binding osts, the

leads between the bus bar 62 and t e termi-' nal or binding osts 48, 49, 50 and 51 being desi ated by t re numerals 63, 64, 6.5-and 66. In tiismodification also a return wire 67 is used and connected at its ends to the battery,

' B and the binding post or terminal 42'.

. B are disconnected or are absent as a part of- -When the battery B is used, it will be understood, and as clearly indicated by the drawings, Fig. 4, that the batteries B, B3B? and the apparatus. The total out-put of current upon the main line and through the-trans- -niitter can also be'regulated in otherhways,

thereto. 1 I

In the use, in tele hony, of central en-- ergy. it is considers necessary to increasein the Inca circuit, as at 68, or'in the line cir cuit, as. at 69, an adiustable resistance or rheostat 70, as shown )y Fig. -1, the remainingpart of the apparatus asillustrated by;

Fig. 1 be: g the" same. This resistance can also be regulated by adaptingthecontroller the-internal resistance of the transmitterf With an instrument constructed fractional 7 parts, as herein, shown and described, the internal resistance of the transmitter is in-v creased by connecting the several fractional parts in'series, as may be required to obtain the proper internal resistance, throu h the medium of thefractional parts, whic may;

be readily effected in various ways, to wit,

the controller, Fig. 1, may be connected up in such manner that by its means the resistance. of the transmitter can-be varied from mini-1 mum to maximum at will, which is obtained byiconnectin in severally,-in series, the frac-' tional parts 9 the transmitter, instead of dif-, l'erent sections and batteries, as in Fig. l

thereby controlling and regulating the cur rent passing through the transmitter and at the, same time the effective current energy of the mainline. Another means is illustrated I by Fig. 5. In this latter figure, the central energy supply is desi nated by the numeral 72, and connected to t e electrode 13 b wire .80 through the variable resistance anr electrode 2 by wire 81 to switch S to its contact orbutton s to the primary of the induction coil B by wire 85 back to the central energy supply'72, through themedium'of a wire 84,

giving the resistance of one fractional pa ltgf the transmitter, which is" increased by conchangin the position of the controller, or, as

switch S to its contact 3, the switch S and likewise switch S being connected to the sec- 0nd and third fractional parts of the transmitter and the fourth part of the fractional transmitter connected to a contact s with which the switch S cocperates, and also with ment by the switch Sf. .When the switch S is changed in position to engage the contact 8 and switch S is shifted to engage contact s the circuit will then be as before, to switch S by wire 81, connecting contacts s with one transmitter, by wire 82, and by wire 83 connecting anotherterminal 'of the second fractional )art of the transmitter with the switch S, and its button 8, and from the latter back a. to the battery 72 through the induction coil B by wires 85 and 84. Another part of the transmitter is added b changing switch S to contact s and switc S to contact 8 and Sto contact ,8, when the fractional parts of the transmitter are all connected in series step by .ste' and the'inaximum resistance obtained. ihe rheostat 70, or other adjustable resistance, may also be used, as hereinconnection with the circuits and controller shown by Fig. 5.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed, is:

1. In an apparatus mission of speech, the combination -with. a telephone transmitter provided with independent multiple parts insulated from each other and arranged to be connected u to- 'gether in series, in whole or in part, 0 controlling means for regulating and determining the current-out-put of the transmitter to readily adapt the latter to be used efiiciently and lpractically upon circuits varying in lengt i.-

i riitter provided with indepenr out multiple parts insulated from each other and arranged to be connected u together in series, in whole or in part, 0 readily adjustable controlling n eansfor increasing and decreasing the efiiciency of the transmitter itself, whereby the transmitter can be adapted for either short or long main line circuits and the cur rent-out-put regulated in accordance with the electric work to be done.

3. In combination with a tale hone transmitter constructed in fractiona or multiple parts insulated from each other and arranged to be connected up in series, in whole-or in ative for regulating and determining} the shown, y changing the switch-S to s and a contact sfllikewise positioned for engage-v 2. In an ap aratus of the class set forth, the combination with a tele honetr'ans-- necting in another part of the transmitter; by

terminal of the. second fractional part of the the remaining part by changing the switch fbefore indicated, for the purpose specified, in v for telephonic transi part, of a controlling device manually opercircuits varying in length.

necessary effective current energy to be transmitted over and upon main line circuits varying in length.

4. The combination with a telephone transmitter having fractional or multiple parts capable of independent operatiomof means for regulatingand determining the current energy passing through or over the transmitter and in proportion to the number of parts required for use to adapt the transmitter to the long or short main line circuits.

5. ihe combination with a telephone transmitter having independent fractional parts insulated from each other and arranged to be connected up in series, in Whole or in part, of controlling means cooperating with the trans mitter and operating through the latter for bringing into use' one or moreof the fractional parts to render the transmitter active and effective for'the transmission of speech upon 6. In an apparatus oi' the class set forth, the combination. of a telephone transmitter,

a source of electrical energy, electrical connections between the said parts, a controlling means by wh ch the current energy passing over andtlirough the transmitter and thecircuit of which it is a part can be readily regulated. and determined, as required, a telephone receiver; and means operative by the telephone receiver for setting the parts in op erative position and for restoring the several elements to normal position at the time of termination of the transmission.

7. In an apparatus of the class set forth,[ the combination of a telephone transmitter, a source of electrical energy, means for regulating and determining the effective current energy required upon main line circuits of varying length and passing through and over the transmitter, a telephone receiver, and mechanism controlled by the-telephone :e ceiver for setting the elements in operative relation and for restoring themto normal po-' sition at the termination of the transmission.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

. CHARLES ADAMS-RANDALL.

Witnesses D. D. LOVELACE, H. C. Brown. 

